Pulverizing machine



' April W. K. LIGGETT PULVERI Z I NG MACHI NE Filed June 8, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l AT ORNEYS,

A ril l 1927.

p w. K. LIGGETT PULVERIZING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June a, 192:5

Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

UNITED STA'LES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM K. LIGGETT, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE JEFFREY MANUFAC- TUEING COMPANY, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ZPULVERIZING MACHINE.

Application fiIed June B, 1923. Serial No. 644,167.

The present invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in pulverizing machines, and particularly to that class, of pulverizing machines in which an element revolves at high velocity, and carries a plurality of pivotally mounted radially extending arms adapted to engage and pulverize material, these elements being disposed with in a casing arranged to recelve the material to be pulverized and having a grating adapted to retain-the unpulverized material within the influence of the rapidly revolving arms while permitting the escape of fully pulverized material. I

The especial object of this invention is to provide, in a pulverizing machine of the class described, an improvedgrating bottom for the pulverizing chamber of such construction that the parts may be conveniently and expeditiously renewed, adjusted, or repaired, with a minimum expenditure of labor in taking down and setting up the parts.

A further object is to provide an improved arrangement of parts whereby the grate bars -may be adjusted to adapt the machine to pulverize materials of widely differing character.

Another object is to provide an improved method of securing the separate grate bars in place so that movement of said bars relative to each other is prevented.

A further object is to provide improved means for securing the screen bars in their relative spaced relation.

The means whereby I attain these and other objects are fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings of which- Fig. l is an end elevation of a pulverizing machine equipped with the devices of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken along the line II'IIII of Fig. 2.

Fig, 4 is a perspective view of the movable section of the grating bottom of the casing,- certain parts being broken away to reveal other parts.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal section taken along the line V-V of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal section takemalong the line VI-VI of Fig. 3.

The

shaft 1 is provided with a pulley 4 by which it may be connected, through a suitable endless belt, with any convenient source of r0- tative power. Mounted upon the shaft 1, within the casing 2 is a rotor composed of a plurality of discs 5 secured in spaced relation upon the shaft 1 and pierced by a plurality of aligned apertures through which extend the pivot rods 6. Freely mounted upon the rods 6 are a plurality of arms 7 which are adapted to be held by centrifugal force in positions of radial extension from the rotor as the shaft 1 revolves, to engage the material within the casing and pulverize Positioned below and closely adjacent to the path of travel of the, outer ends of the arms 7 is a semi-cylindrical grating composed of longitudinally extending bars which are secured in spaced relation 'to each other and serve to retain the unpulverized material within the path of the rapidly revolving arms 7 while permitting the escape of the fully pulverized material. This grating may be formed in any area of circumferential section desired. It is here shown as a single semi-cylindrical section rigidly attached to the casing. In the present disclosure it is formed in two parts, one of which, 8, is rigidly attached to the casing, and the other part 9 is pivotally supported upon' a cross shaft 10 and is adapted to be swung downwardly to permit the escape of unpulverizable material which may accidentally find its way into the casing' In the rigid section 8 the ends of the grate bars 11 are supported upon the inwardly projecting flanges 12 on the end wall 13 of the casing. These grate bars 11 are held in spaced relation by spacer blocks 14 positioned between the ends of adjacent and is engaged by the clamping screws 19 threaded in the lugs 20 of the casing to secure said bars against movement relative to each other.

- shaft in the closin matically return t e grate section to its The swinging section 9 comprises a supporting frame composed of the side bars 21, the end her 22, and the supporting shaft 10 all of which are joined together 1n any ji referred manner to form a rigid structure.

he shaft 10 is journaled in apertures of the end walls of the casing, and this frame is held in operative position by a toggle mechanism comprisin the shaft 23, journaled in apertures of t e casing, and the arms 21 fixed to said shaft. Links 25 connect the arms 24 with suitable lugs 26 formed on the side bars 21, and a lever 27 attached to the shaft 23 supplies means for its rotation to swing the grate section about its pivot. A stop 28 formed on the side bars 21 limits upward movement of the link 25, and its proportions are such,that said link will be rotated slightly beyond the center line of the toggles to thereby lock the parts against acci ental displacement. A counter weight 29 attached to the lever 27 tends to rotate the direction, and .to autooperative position after it has been dropped to free the pulverizing chamber of unpulverizable material.

The ends of the grate bars 30 are supported upon the inwardly projectin flanges 31 of the side bars 21, and these are are held in spaced relation by spacer blocks 14.- interposed between the ends of the adjacent bars. The bars 30 are clamped in place between the end bar 22 and the top grate bar 32 which, when the section 9 is in operative position, is pressed ainst the abutment bar 33 to firmly hol the grate bars 30 against movement relative to each other, to prevent accidental displacement of the top grate bar 32 it is provided with suitable apertures 34 which enga dowel ins 35 projecting from the ends 0 the side are 21. The. abutment bar 33 grojects through apertures 36 of the end wal of the casing, and is engaged b adjusting screws 37 threaded in lugs 38 ormed on the end wall of the casing. Cover plates" 39 bolted to the end walls of the casing prevent the escape of pulverized material through the apertures 18, 16, and 36, and serve to insure inst longitudinal displacement of the bars 17 15, and 33.

It will be seen that with this construction the matter of re lacing or repair the grate bars or bloc s on the swinging rame can be readily attended to. When the frame contour of the ram is swung to its dotted line position, as shown in Fig. 3, the series of bars and blocks willv e readily removed. At the Upon release of pressure on the series, and

slight separation, either the blocks or bars may be removed vertically from their supports.

The spacing blocks 14 are of peculiar construction. They are of substantially segmental shape, and of a width lproportionate to the desired space between t e grate bars. When in place they rest directly upon the flanges 12 and 31 against the ends of the grate bars by which they are held against movement longitudinally of the machine. Each block is provided with rejections 40 adapted to extend between ad acent bars to hold them in spaced relation. The projections 40 are shaped to so accuratelyfit the rate bars that when the parts are clampe in lace each bar will be rigidly held against either lateral or rotary movement.

In the above description it has been assumed that the grate bars are of rectangular cross section and are sup orted directly upon the flanges 12 and 31. t is tobe understood, however, that these parts are subject to wide variation without departure from the spirit of my invention. Experience has demonstrated that barsof other form are preferable for pulverizing many classes of material. In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a modification articularly adapted to the shredding of brous material. As here shown the grate bars 41 are of equilateral triangular cross section arranged to present cutting edges to. the advancing material which areslightly elevated above the general line of the screen. With such bars the spacing blocks 42 are provided with projections 43 having inclined surfaces 44 which fit the sides and tops of the ate bars to hold them in accurately space relation secure against either lateral or rotary movement. It will be obvious that the matter of the cross section of the grate bars is immaterial, as the spacer blocks may be adapted to various forms of grate bars within the of my invention. mm the fore oing, it will be seen that a grating for pu verizing machines is rovided which may be very readily assem led in the initial setting up of themaehine, and which may, with equal readiness, be disassembled and set up for the purposes of adjustment, replacement, or repair. The grate bars and spacer blocks are dropped into place readily on the supporting bars, and, when the entire series has been assembled,

the single clamping bar holds them in place without the necessity of means for fastening combination of side bars having topped seats, spacer blocks loosely mounted in said seats, grate bars loosely mounted in said seats between said blocks, and means at one end of the series of said assembled blocks and bars for exerting pressure endwise of the series to hold said series in place.

3. In a grating of the class described, the combination of slde bars having open-topped seats, spacer blocks loosely mounted in said seats and recessed to form open grate bar sockets, grate bars loosely mounted in the sockets of said blocks, and means for exerting pressure endwise of the series of said assembled blocks and bars to hold said series in place.

4:. In a grating of the class described, the combination of side, bus having open topped seats, spacer blocks loosely mounted in said seats and cut away at their sides to form grate bar receiving sockets between them, grate bars loosely mounted in the open sockets of said blocks, and endwise acting means for clamping the series of assembled blocks and bars in place. I

5. In a grating of the class described, the combination of side bars having open topped seats, spacer blocks substantially T-shaped in cross section loosely mounted in said seats and forming open topped grate bar receiving sockets between them, grate bars loosely mounted in the open sockets between said blocks, and endwise acting means for clamping the series of assembled blocks and bars in place.

6. In a grating of the class described, the combination of side bars substantially L shaped in cross section to form open topped seats, spacer blocks substantially T-shaped in cross section to form grate bar receiving sockets loosely mounted in said seats, grate bars loosely mounted in the open sockets between said blocks, and endwise acting means for clamping the series of assembled blocks and bars in place.

7. In a grating of the class described, the combination of side bars having substantially horizontal and vertical walls to form open topped seats, loosely mounted spacer blocks supported by said walls, and grate bars loosely mounted between and locked against movement by said spacer blocks and supported by said horizontal wall.

8. In a grating of the class described, the

combination of side bars having substantially horizontal and vertical walls, loosely mounted spaced blocks supported by said walls, and grate bars loosely mounted between said spacer blocks and supported by said horizontal wall, and endwise acting means for clamping the series assembled blocks and bars in place.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a casing having an opening in its wall, side bars mounted in opening, spacer blocks loosely mounted on said side bars, grate bars loosely mounted on said side bars between said blocks, and clamping means at one end of the series of -blocks and bars to holdthem in place, said clamping means being movable endwise through the opening in the wallof said casing.

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a casing having an open ing in its wall, side bars pivotally mounted in the opening, spacer blocks loosely mounted on said side bars, grate bars loosely mounted on said side bars between said blocks, and a single clamping means spanning one end of the series of blocks and bars to hold them in place, said clamping means being movable endwise through the opening in the wall of said casing.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a casing having an opening in its wall, side bars pivotally mounted in the opening, spacer blocks loosely mounted on said side bars, grate bars loosely mounted on said side bars between said blocks, a clamping bar removable through the opening in the wall of said casin spanning the end of the series of bloc s and bars to hold them in place, and means exterior of the casing to hold said bar in clamping position. r

12. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a grate bar supporting frame movably mounted on-said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said frame, and means operable to clamp the series of grate bars in place when the frame is moved to a predetermined position on its support.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a grate bar supporting frame movably mounted on sald support, grate bars loosely mounted in said framefiand a fixed'abutment to engage and clamp the series of grate bars in place when the frame is moved to a predetermined position on the support.

14. In a machine of the class described,

means to clamp said when the frame is in a the combination of a support, a grate bar supporting frame movably mounted on said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said frame, a movable keeper bar at the end of the series of grate bars, and means to en gage said keeper bar and clam the series of grate bars in place when t e frame is moved to a predetermined position on its support.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a grate bar supporting frame movably mounted on said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said frame, a movable keeper bar at the end of the series of grate bars, means to hold said movable keeper bar in proper relation to the grate bars, and means to engage said keeper bar and clamp the series of grate bars in place when the frame is moved to a predetermined position on its support.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a grate bar supporting frame movab y mounted on said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said rame, a movable keeper bar at the end of the series of grate bars, means on said frame to engage said keeper bar and maintain it in proper relation to the grate bar, and ate bars in said frame predetermined position.

17. In a machine of the "class described, the combination of a support, a grate bar supporting frame movably mounted on said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said frame, a movable keeper bar at the end of the series of grate bars, and pins on said frame engaging apertures in the ends of said keeper bars to maintain it in proper relation to the grate bars, and means to clamp said grate bars in,said frame when theframe is is a priadetermined position.

18. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a grate bar supporting frame pivotally mounted on said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said frame, and means operable to clam the series of grate bars in place when the rame is moved to a predetermined position on its support.

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a frame pivots ally mounted on said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said frame, andan abutment to engage one end of the series of bars and automatically clamp them in place when the pivoted frame is moved to apredetermined position.

20. In a machine of the class described,

the combination of a. support, a frame givotally mounted on said support, grate ars loosely mounted in said frame, means to clamp said grate bars in said frame when the frame is in a predetermined position, and means acting automatically to hold said-frame in such predetermined position. 21. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a su port, a frame pivotally mounted on said support, grate bars loosely mounted in said frame, means to clamp said grate bars in said frame when the frame is in 8. tion, and means operable to swing said frame on its pivot to and from a predetermined position, said means acting automatically to maintain said frame 1n such predetermined osition.

22. In a mac ine of the-class described, the combination of a support, a substantt ally U-sha ed frame having side bars subpredetermined 'posion said support, alternating spacerblocks and grate bars loosely mounted in said side bars, and an abutment adjacent the open end of said frame to enga e the series of loosely mounted blocks an bars and clamp them in place when said frame is in a predeterminedposition. g

23. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a substantially U-sha ed frame having side bars substantially -shaped in cross section pivoted on said support, alternating spacer blocks and grate bars loosely mounted in said side bars, an abutment adjacent the open end of said frame to engage the series of blocks and bars and clamp them "in place when said frame is in a predetermined osition, and means tending always to hold sald frame in such predetermined position with the bars and blocks clamped in place.

24:. In a machine ofgthe class described, thecombination of a support, a substantially U-shaped frame having side bars subon said support, alternating spacer blocks and grate bars loosely mounted in'said side bars, an abutment adjacent the open end of said frame to engage the series of blocks and bars and clamp them in place when said frame is in a predetermined position, and a weight tending always to hold said frame in such-predetermined position with the bars and blocks clamped in place. 25. In a machine of the class described, the combination 'of a support, a substantially U-shaped frame having side bars substantially L-shaped in cross section pivoted on said support. alternating spacer blocks and gratebars loosely mounted in said side bars, an abutment adjacent the open end of said frame to engage the series of blocks and bars and clamp them in place when said frame. is in a predetermined position, manually operable toggle joint mechanism to swing said frame on its pivot, and a weight tending always to hold said frame in such predetermine position with the bars and blocks clamped in place.

26. A spacer b ock for grate bars having llfi an outer wall cut away to form withan adjacent block a grate bar receiving socket having side and end Walls.

27. A spacer block for ratings having a substantially L-shaped re ess in its side wall to form with adjacent blocks a grate bar receiving socket.

28. A spacer block for gratings having a in said'seats, and means at one end of the series of blocks and" bars to place.

30. In a grating of hold them in the class described,

the combination of side bars, aplurality of spacer blocks each havingre-entrant recesses in opposite. walls to form with opposed blocks a grate bar holding seat, grate bars between said blocks interlocked in said seats, and means at one end of the series of blocks and bars to hold them in place.

31. In a grating of the class described. the combination of side bars, a plurality of spacer blocks each having in opposite walls re-entrant recesses staggered vertically of the block to form with opposed blocks a grate bar holding seat, grate bars betweenf said blocksinterlocked in said seats, and means at one end of the series of blocks and bars to hold them in place.

32. In a grating of the class described the combination of side bars, a plurality oi spacer blocks each having a re-entrant recess in a wall extending partially through the block to form with an adjacent block grate bar holding seats, grate bars between said blocks interlocked in said seats, and means at one end of the series of blocks and bars to hold them in place.

33. A spacer block for gratings having angular re-entrant recesses in its opposite walls.

34. A spacer block for gratings havingmy hand.

WILLIAM K. LIGGETT. 

